Subjunctive (TBI USM STAN)

Pada kesempatan yang baik ini, English For Us akan membahas salah satu materi penting dan mudah diingat yang menjadi bagian TBI USM STAN yaitu Subjunctive.

A. Definisi Subjunctive

     Subjunctive adalah bentuk kalimat yang digunakan untuk menyatakah harapan yang tidak 

     mungkin tercapai pada masa lalu, sekarang, maupun yang akan datang.

     Atau bisa dikatakan bahwa subjunctive digunakan untuk menyatakan sesuatu yang berlawanan

     dengan fakta.

     Frasa / kata yang digunakan dalam subjunctive adalah sebagai berikut :

     1. Wish ( berharap)

     2. As if  (seolah - olah)

     3. As though (seolah - olah)

     4. Would rather (lebih suka)

     5. If only (seandainya)

B. Jenis Subjunctive

     1. Present Subjunctive

         Menyatakan harapan yang tidak terwujud pada masa sekarang.

         Kata keterangan : now, right now, at this time, at this moment.

         

         Form :

         1. S1 + Wish/Wishes +S2+ Verb 2/Were                        
             S1 + Wish/Wishes +S2+ Didn't + Verb 1/Were not 
             

         Contoh :
         1. I wish I were you. (Saya harap saya adalah kamu), Kalimat ini berarti bahwa seseorang ingin
             menjadi orang lain, itu merupakan sesuatu yang mustahil untuk terjadi.
         2. She wishes her father worked in Bali. (Dia berharap ayahnya kerja di Bali saat ini, 
             kenyataannya ayahnya tidak bekerja di sana).

       
         2. Fact Sentence + As if/As tough + S + Verb 2/Were                       
             Fact Sentence + As if/As tough + S +   Didn't + Verb 1/Were not

         Contoh :
         1. He tells me about the accident as if  he saw it.
         2. He talks to me as if he were the leader.

         3. S + Would rather + O + Verb 2/Were                      
             S + Would rather + O + Didn't + Verb 1/Were not 

         Contoh :
         1. I would rather you didn't tell anyone about what I said.
         2. I would rather you were happy about your test result.

        4. If Only+S+V2/Were                  
            If Only+S+Didn't+V1/Were not

            Contoh :
            1. If only she were my girl friend.
            2. If only she came to my house.

      2. Past Subjunctive
          Menyatakan harapan yang tidak terwujud pada masa lalu.
          Kata keterangan : Yesterday, last nigt, last week, dll.

         Form :

         1.  S1 + Wish/Wishes/Wished +S2+  Had +V3/ Had been             
             S1 + Wish/Wishes/Wished +S2+  Had not +V3/ Had not been

         Contoh :
         1. Yesterday, I broke my smarthpone. I wish I had not broken it.
         2. I wished I had gone to Bali last year.

         2. Past Fact Sentence  + As if/As though + S + Had + V3/Had been              
             Past Fact Sentence  + As if/As though + S + Had not + V3/Had not been

         Contoh :
         1. He told me about the accident as if he had seen it.
         2. He talked to me as though he had been the leader.

         3. S + Would rather + O + Had+V3/Had been             
             S + Would rather + O + Had not+V3/Had not been

         Contoh :
         1. Yesterday you told any one about what I said,I would rather you had not done it.
         2. You looked unhappy yesterday. I would rather you had been happy.

        4. If Only+S+Had+V3/Had been             
            If Only+S+Had not+V3/Had not been

           Contoh :
           1. If only She had been my girl friend last year. 
           2. If only She Had come to my house. 
      3. Future Subjunctive
          Menyatakan harapan yang tidak terwujud pada masa depan.
          Kata keterangan : tonight, tomorrow, next week, dll.

          Form :

         1.  S1 + Wish/Wishes +S2+Would+V1/Would be             
              S1 + Wish/Wishes +S2+Would not+V1/Would not be

          Contoh :
          1. I wish Mr. Toha would not give a test next week.
          2. I wish my father would go home tonight.
       
         Bentuk As if/As though tidak dipakai dalam future subjunctive.  Begitu juga
         Would rather, karena kedua bentuk tersebut membutuhkan suatu fakta, atau peristiwa
         yang telah terjadi.
          
         2. If Only+S+Would + V1/Would be               
             If Only+S+Would not + V1 / Would not be
             
             Contoh :
             1. If Only she would come to me to the party.
             2. If Only tomorrow would not be Monday. 
Itulah materi kali ini, semoga bermanfaat. Apabila ada kesalah mohon koreksi yang membangun.

Sumber :
1. Modul Smartpro Education
2. Learning English Modul STAN oleh Muhammad Agung Darlianto

Sumber Gambar :
www. google.com

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