Dalam bahasa Inggris, kata kerja (verb) akan berubah-ubah bentuk sesuai dengan tensesnya. Berdasarkan bentuknya, kata kerja dibagi menjadi 3 macam yaitu:
1. Infinitive (verb 1)
2. Simple past (verb 2)
3. Past participle (verb 3).
1. Infinitive (verb 1)
2. Simple past (verb 2)
3. Past participle (verb 3).
Kamu pasti sering melihat atau menggunakan kata kerja yang berakhiran dengan -d atau -ed kan?
Misalnya : loved dan killed
Loved dan killed merupakan verb 2 atau verb 3 dari love dan kill. Loved dan killed ini disebut dengan kata kerja beraturan (regular verbs) yaitu kata kerja yang bentuk verb 2 dan verb 3 nya sama, hanya perlu ditambahkan akhiran -d atau -ed.
Selain kata kerja beraturan (regular verbs) terdapat kata kerja tidak beraturan (irregular verbs), yaitu kata kerja yang perubahan bentuknya tidak tentu.
Misalnya: go-went-gone, teach-taught-taught, dan do-did-done.
Selain 3 contoh kata kerja tidak beraturan (irregular verbs) di atas, masih terdapat banyak lagi. Kamu harus menghafalkannya supaya dapat menggunakannya dengan benar.
Infinitive | Simple Past | Past Participle |
---|---|---|
alight | alighted, alit | alighted, alit |
arise | arose | arisen |
awake | awoke, awaked | awoken, awaked |
be | was, were | been |
bear | bore | borne, born |
beat | beat | beaten, beat |
become | became | become |
beget | begot | begotten |
begin | began | begun |
bend | bent | bent |
bereave | bereaved, bereft | bereaved, bereft |
beseech | besought, beseeched | besought, beseeched |
bet | bet, betted | bet, betted |
bid | bade, bid | bidden, bid, bade |
bide | bade, bided | bided |
bind | bound | bound |
bite | bit | bitten |
bleed | bled | bled |
bless | blessed, blest | blessed, blest |
blow | blew | blown |
break | broke | broken |
breed | bred | bred |
bring | brought | brought |
broadcast | broadcast, broadcasted | broadcast, broadcasted |
build | built | built |
burn | burnt, burned | burnt, burned |
burst | burst | burst |
bust | bust, busted | bust, busted |
buy | bought | bought |
can | could | could |
cast | cast | cast |
catch | caught | caught |
choose | chose | chosen |
cleave | cleft, cleaved, clove | cleft, cleaved, cloven |
cling | clung | clung |
clothe | clothed, clad | clothed, clad |
come | came | come |
cost | cost | cost |
creep | crept | crept |
crow | crowed | crew, crowed |
cut | cut | cut |
deal | dealt | dealt |
dig | dug | dug |
do | did | done |
draw | drew | drawn |
dream | dreamt, dreamed | dreamt, dreamed |
drink | drank | drunk |
drive | drove | driven |
dwell | dwelt, dwelled | dwelt, dwelled |
eat | ate | eaten |
fall | fell | fallen |
feed | fed | fed |
feel | felt | felt |
fight | fought | fought |
find | found | found |
flee | fled | fled |
fling | flung | flung |
fly | flew | flown |
forbid | forbad, forbade | forbid, forbidden |
forecast | forecast, forecasted | forecast, forecasted |
forget | forgot | forgotten |
forsake | forsook | forsaken |
freeze | froze | frozen |
geld | gelded, gelt | gelded, gelt |
get | got | got, gotten |
gild | gilded, gilt | gilded, gilt |
give | gave | given |
gnaw | gnawed | gnawed, gnawn |
go | went | gone |
grind | ground | ground |
grip | gripped, gript | gripped, gript |
grow | grew | grown |
hang | hung | hung |
have | had | had |
hear | heard | heard |
heave | heaved, hove | heaved, hove |
hew | hewed | hewed, hewn |
hide | hid | hidden, hid |
hit | hit | hit |
hold | held | held |
hurt | hurt | hurt |
keep | kept | kept |
kneel | knelt, kneeled | knelt, kneeled |
knit | knitted, knit | knitted, knit |
know | knew | known |
lay | laid | laid |
lead | led | led |
lean | leant, leaned | leant, leaned |
leap | leapt, leaped | leapt, leaped |
learn | learnt, learned | learnt, learned |
leave | left | left |
lend | lent | lent |
let | let | let |
lie | lay | lain |
light | lit, lighted | lit, lighted |
lose | lost | lost |
make | made | made |
may | might | (kein Participle) |
mean | meant | meant |
meet | met | met |
melt | melted | molten, melted |
mow | mowed | mown, mowed |
pay | paid | paid |
pen | pent, penned | pent, penned |
plead | pled, pleaded | pled, pleaded |
prove | proved | proven, proved |
put | put | put |
quit | quit, quitted | quit, quitted |
read | read | read |
rid | rid, ridded | rid, ridded |
ride | rode | ridden |
ring | rang | rung |
rise | rose | risen |
run | ran | run |
saw | sawed | sawn, sawed |
say | said | said |
see | saw | seen |
seek | sought | sought |
sell | sold | sold |
send | sent | sent |
set | set | set |
sew | sewed | sewn, sewed |
shake | shook | shaken |
shall | should | (kein Participle) |
shear | sheared | shorn, sheared |
shed | shed | shed |
shine | shone | shone |
shit | shit, shitted, shat | shit, shitted, shat |
shoe | shod, shoed | shod, shoed |
shoot | shot | shot |
show | showed | shown, showed |
shred | shred, shredded | shred, shredded |
shrink | shrank, shrunk | shrunk |
shut | shut | shut |
sing | sang | sung |
sink | sank | sunk |
sit | sat | sat |
slay | slew | slain |
sleep | slept | slept |
slide | slid | slid |
sling | slung | slung |
slink | slunk | slunk |
slit | slit | slit |
smell | smelt, smelled | smelt, smelled |
smite | smote | smitten |
sow | sowed | sown, sowed |
speak | spoke | spoken |
speed | sped, speeded | sped, speeded |
spell | spelt, spelled | spelt, spelled |
spend | spent | spent |
spill | spilt, spilled | spilt, spilled |
spin | spun | spun |
spit | spat | spat |
split | split | split |
spoil | spoilt, spoiled | spoilt, spoiled |
spread | spread | spread |
spring | sprang, sprung | sprung |
stand | stood | stood |
steal | stole | stolen |
stick | stuck | stuck |
sting | stung | stung |
stink | stank, stunk | stunk |
stride | strode | stridden |
strike | struck | struck |
string | strung | strung |
strive | strove | striven |
swear | swore | sworn |
sweat | sweat, sweated | sweat, sweated |
sweep | swept | swept |
swell | swelled | swollen, swelled |
swim | swam | swum |
swing | swung | swung |
take | took | taken |
teach | taught | taught |
tear | tore | torn |
telecast | telecast, telecasted | telecast, telecasted |
tell | told | told |
think | thought | thought |
throw | threw | thrown |
thrust | thrust | thrust |
tread | trod | trodden |
understand | understood | understood |
wake | woke, waked | woken, waked |
wear | wore | worn |
weave | wove | woven |
wed | wed, wedded | wed, wedded |
weep | wept | wept |
wet | wet, wetted | wet, wetted |
win | won | won |
wind | wound | wound |
wring | wrung | wrung |
write | wrote | written |
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